| Titus Flavius Vespasianus – the Eldest Son of Roman Emperor Vespasian |
| Monday, 17 March 2008 04:48 |
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When the Pisonian conspiracy was spotted, the son of Vespasian divorced his wife Marcia so he won't have any links with the plotters. The event was held in 65 AD, when Titus was granted the position of quaestor. Later in 67 AD he became the commander of three legions in Judea that belonged to the army of his father.
In 68 AD Vespasian sent his son as a messenger to state his recognition of Galba as emperor. However, when he reached Corinth he found out that Galba was no longer alive and turned back.
Being a young man, Titus had nearly the same characteristics as Nero. He was smart, strong, had the same extravagance, charm as well as the same sexual desires. Titus had a good memory and in addition he was a great warrior and rider. He was also able to sing and compose music. Although his rule was not long, he was able to live long enough to prove his talent for government, which he surely inherited from his father.
In 69 AD, Vespasian began his trip to Rome to claim the emperor's throne. His son, Titus, was left to command the mission against the Jews in Judaea and in 70 AD he managed to take control of Jerusalem. He treated the Jews in a brutal manner. He was the one to level the Great Temple of Jerusalem. The only construction that survived the rage of Titus is the well-known Wailing Wall.
In 70 AD, Titus was assigned as consul. A year later he was give tribunician powers and then in 73 AD he already shared censorship with Vespasian. Thus he became the praetorian prefect. In such a way Vespasian prepared his son to become the emperor. During the rule of Vespasian, his son was the emperor's right hand. Titus was the one to lead the affairs of the state, dictating letter. He also was stating the speeches of his father in the senate. In addition Titus did the dirty work for his father, clearing the political opposition. Such activity lowered his popularity within the Roman society.
One of the most serious threats to Titus on his way to becoming the Roman Emperor was his affair with Berenice, a Jewish princess who had strong connections with Rome. In 75 AD he called Berenice to Rome. After the divorce in 65 AD, Titus was free and started living openly with her in the palace. However, public opinion along with strong anti-Semitism and xenophobia played its role in forcing the couple apart. Roman people could not bear with the fact that an eastern woman is becoming close to power. This was the point where Berenice decided to return home.
After revealing the conspiracy against Vespasian in 79 AD, Titus invited the leaders of the plot Eprius Marcellus and Caecina Alienus to dinner. The latter was stabbed to death on his arrival and the former was sentenced to death and so he committed suicide. Some time later Vespasian died. His son Titus became the Roman Emperor. The event occurred on June 24. At the beginning of his rule Titus was highly unpopular and the senate did not like him. People considered him the successor of badly settled economic policies and taxes imposed by Vespasian. In addition, his affair with Jewish princess Berenice had a negative impact on his popularity.
He though of changing the situation hopping to improve his image among the Romans. He significantly reduced the number of network informers, who raised suspicion throughout the Roman society. Titus also canceled the charge of high treason. Taking into consideration his reputation as a severe punisher of conspirators, it was a surprise to see him ignoring two new suspected plotters. In addition when the eastern princess returned to Rome, he sent her back to Judaea.
One month after Titus took over the throne; Mount Vesuvius volcano caused a serious disaster by crushing Pompeii, Herculaneum, Stabiae and Oplontis. After only an hour the cities and some Roman villages were turned to ashes being covered by lava. Titus went to see the area where the eruption occurred. He announced a state of emergency, offered practical help in providing new houses for the survivors and set a senatorial commission to offer help to anyone in need. This, however, was of little help to restoring people's loyalty, since they considered the eruption to be a punishment for the demolition of the Great Temple in Jerusalem.
While still on his campaign to provide help to the victims of Vesuvius, Titus was once again struck by a disaster. This time it was a fire that began in Rome and lasted for 3 days and nights. This time Titus also managed to offer generous relief to the people who suffered from the fire. This was, however, not the end of all troubles during his reign. The Roman Empire was struck by one of the plague. The Roman Emperor did the best he could to fight the disease. He provided medical support and offered big sacrifices to the gods.
Although a lot of disasters occurred during his reign, Titus still managed to become one of the most famous emperors of Rome. He died suddenly on September 13, 81 AD at Aquae Cutiliae, where his family was. Some ray that his death was caused by a poisoned fish, which was given to Titus by Domitian.
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